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Droste effect
The Droste effect — known as ''mise en abyme'' in art — is the effect of a picture appearing within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear.〔Nänny. Max and Fischer, Olga, ''The Motivated Sign: Iconicity in Language and Literature'' p. 37, John Benjamins Publishing Company (2001) ISBN 90-272-2574-5〕
The appearance is recursive: the smaller version contains an even smaller version of the picture, and so on. Only in theory could this go on forever; practically, it continues only as long as the resolution of the picture allows, which is relatively short, since each iteration geometrically reduces the picture's size. It is a visual example of a strange loop, a self-referential system of instancing which is the cornerstone of fractal geometry.
==Origin==
The effect is named after the image on the tins and boxes of Droste cocoa powder, one of the main Dutch brands, which displayed a nurse carrying a serving tray with a cup of hot chocolate and a box with the same image.〔Törnqvist, Egil. ''Ibsen: A Doll's House'', pp.105, Cambridge University Press (1995) ISBN 0-521-47866-9〕 This image, introduced in 1904 and maintained for decades with slight variations, became a household notion. Reportedly, poet and columnist Nico Scheepmaker introduced wider usage of the term in the late 1970s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Droste, altijd welkom )〕
The Droste effect was used by Giotto di Bondone in 1320, in his Stefaneschi Triptych. The polyptych altarpiece portrays in its center panel Cardinal Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi offering the triptych itself to St. Peter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Giotto di Bondone and assistants: Stefaneschi triptych )〕 There are also several examples from medieval times of books featuring images containing the book itself or window panels in churches depicting miniature copies of the window panel itself. 〔See the collection of articles ''(Medieval 'mise-en-abyme': the object depicted within itself )'' for examples and opinions on how this effect was used symbolically.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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